HTML Tags: HTML
tags are markup surrounded by angle brackets like <html>. HTML tags
normally come in pairs like <b> and </b>. The first tag in a pair
is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
HTML Elements:
An HTML element starts with a start tag. The element content is everything
between the start and end tag. An HTML element ends with an end tag. Some HTML
elements have no content. Some HTML elements have no end tag.
HTML Documents:
An HTML document consists of HTML elements. HTML elements are defined by HTML
tags.
E.g.:
<html><body>
<p>This is my first paragraph</p>
</body></html>
<p>This is my first paragraph</p>
</body></html>
The
example above contains 3 HTML elements.
The Head
Element: The head element contains general information, also called
meta-information, about a document. Meta means
"information about".
The <body>
Element: The <body> element defines the body of the HTML document:
E.g.: <body></body>
The
element has a start tag <body> and an end tag </body>The <html> Element: The <html> element defines the whole HTML document.
E.g.: <html>
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph</p>
</body></html>
The
element has a start tag <html> and an end tag </html>
Lowercase
Tags; HTML tags are not case sensitive: <P> means the same as <p>.
Plenty of web sites use uppercase HTML tags in their pages.
Basic
Html Tags:
a) HTML
Headings: Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.
<h1> defines the largest heading. <h6> defines the smallest
heading.
E.g.: <h1>This is a heading</h1>
<h2>This is a heading</h2>
<h3> This is a heading </h3>
Result: This is a heading
This is a
heading
This is a
heading
b) HTML
Paragraphs: Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.
E.g.: <p>This is a paragraph</p>
c) HTML Line
Breaks: Use the <br> tag if you want a line break (a new line) without
starting a new paragraph.
E.g.:
<p>This is<br>a para<br>graph with line breaks</p>
d) HTML
Comments: Comments can be inserted in the HTML code to make it more readable
and understandable. Comments are ignored by the browser and not displayed.
Comments are written like this:
E.g.: <!-- This is a comment -->
e) Backgrounds:
The <body> tag has two attributes where you can specify backgrounds. The
background can be a color or an image.
i) Bgcolor: The
bgcolor attribute specifies a background-color for an HTML page. The value of
this attribute can be a hexadecimal number, an RGB value, or a color name.
E.g.: <body bgcolor="#000000">
<body bgcolor="rgb(0,0,0)">
<body bgcolor=”black”>
ii) Background:
The background attribute specifies a background-image for an HTML page. The
value of this attribute is the URL of the image you want to use. If the
image is smaller than the browser window, the image will repeat itself until it
fills the entire browser window.
E.g.: <body background="clouds.gif">
<body background=http://www.yahoo.com>
f) Html Links:
The Anchor Tag and the Href Attribute. HTML uses the <a> (anchor) tag to
create a link to another document. An anchor can point to any resource on the
Web: an HTML page, an image, a sound file, a movie, etc. The syntax of creating
an anchor.
E.g.: <a
href="url">Text to be displayed</a>
The <a> tag is used to create an
anchor to link from, the href attribute is used to address the document to link
to, and the words between the open and close of the anchor tag will be displayed
as a hyperlink.
i) The Target
Attribute: With the target attribute, you can define where the linked document
will be opened. The line below will open the document in a new browser window:
E.g.: <a href="http://www.w3schools.com/" target="_blank">Visit W3Schools!</a>
ii) The Anchor
Tag and the Name Attribute: The name attribute is used to create a named
anchor. When using named anchors we can create links that can jump directly
into a specific section on a page, instead of letting the user scroll around to
find what he/she is looking for.
E.g.: <a
name="label">Text to be displayed</a>
The
name attribute is used to create a named anchor. The name of the anchor can be
any text you care to use. The line below defines a named anchor.
E.g.:
<a name="tips">Useful Tips Section</a>
g) Html Images: With HTML you can display images in
a document.
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